BPC-157
/ Synthetic 15-amino-acid pentadecapeptideALIAS · Body Protection Compound-157 · Pentadecapeptide BPC 157
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Widely studied in rodents by a single originating research group. No completed, peer-reviewed Phase II/III human trials.
BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino-acid pentadecapeptide derived from a sequence identified in human gastric juice. Reported mechanisms in preclinical work include upregulation of VEGFR2 signaling (angiogenesis), modulation of the nitric oxide system, and interaction with dopaminergic, serotonergic, and GABAergic systems. No definitive mammalian receptor has been identified.
Essentially none of publishable quality. ClinicalTrials.gov shows no completed peer-reviewed Phase II/III trials in humans. The human evidence base is effectively absent.
Factual reporting of what cited studies used — not a recommendation.
- Rodent gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal healing studies — Rat — 10 ng/kg to 10 μg/kg Intraperitoneal, intragastric, or topicalREFSikiric 2013 (BPC-157 review)
Rodent studies report no significant acute or subchronic toxicity at tested doses. No long-term human safety data exist.
Regulatory status
- FDA status:
- Not FDA-approved
- Compounding:
- 503A Category 2 — do-not-compound pending review
The literature is heavily dominated by a single research group (Sikiric and collaborators at University of Zagreb). Independent Western replication of major findings is sparse. No pharmacokinetic data in humans have been published in a peer-reviewed journal.
BPC-157 was placed on FDA’s 503A Category 2 list in 2020. In late 2023 FDA reaffirmed that BPC-157 is not eligible for compounding under Section 503A.